"Drawer of freshly farmed eggs, Gut Winkel, a training farm for German-Jewish youth hoping to immigrate to Palestine, Spreenhagen in der Mark, Brandenburg, Germany"

Gut Winkel was a training farm for Zionist Jewish youth hoping to immigrate to Palestine and work on a kibbutz, an Israeli communal farm. Salman Schocken, a German-Jewish department store magnate, transformed his Brandenburg estate into Gut Winkel in the 1920s. Gut Winkel attendees studied farmwork, communal living, Hebrew and Zionist history.

"Villagers in the Carpathian Mountains"

This photo shows villagers in Carpathian Ruthenia, which is now a part of Ukraine. Vishniac traveled to isolated Jewish villages in this region throughout the 1930s and was the only photographer to document some of these communities.

"Children seeking light and air outside their basement home, Krochmalna Street, Warsaw"

The European headquarters of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee hired Vishniac to photograph poor Eastern European Jewish communities in 1935. Like this photo, much of his work from this collection show poverty in the major Polish cities of Warsaw, Krakow and Lodz.

"Jewish schoolchildren, Mukacevo"

This photo, circa 1935 to 1938, was taken in Mukacevo, Ukraine. Vishniac often visited this city known for its rabbis and religious schools and which attracted Jews from the region that was once Czechoslovakia, Hungary and the Carpathian region.

"Vishniac’s daughter Mara posing in front of a shop specializing in instruments that measure the difference in size between Aryan and non-Aryan skulls, Berlin"

Vishniac's daughter Mara, age 7, stands in front of a shop in Berlin in 1933. The store's windows display pamphlets on Aryan race theory and a tool used to measure human heads to determine if someone had the head that matched the characteristics of the Aryan race. The Nazi government issued a decree in April 1933 that linked the concept of an Aryan identity to biology. The store's previous owner was Jewish.

"Meeting point of the high and low streets in the Jewish quarter, Bratislava"

This photo of the formerly Czechoslovakian city was taken during Vishniac's exploration of urban poverty in Eastern Europe from 1935 to 1938.

"Emigration applicant meeting with a representative of the Hilfsverein der Deutschen Juden (Aid Society of German Jews) Ludendorffstrasse, Schoeneberg, Berlin"

The Aid Society of German Jews was in charge of all immigration of Jews from Germany, except if they were going to Palestine. By September 1939, 282,000 Jews had emigrated, more than half of Germany's Jewish population in 1933.

"Holocaust survivors and American relief worker, probably Schlachtensee Displaced Persons' Camp, Zehlendorf, Berlin"

This photo from 1947 shows young Holocaust survivors in the foreground and an American relief worker with a briefcase walking past. They are most likely in the Schlachtensee Displaced Persons Camp in Berlin. Holocaust survivors were brought here before being taken south to Displaced Persons camps in the American Zone of Occupation in Berlin and later helped emigrate to Palestine.

"First-year student nurses, including several Holocaust survivors, in a classroom, Beth Israel School of Nursing, Lower East Side, New York"

Vishniac traveled to New York City in the 1940s to document Jewish immigrants and refugees. Many of the training nurses in this photo are Holocaust survivors or refugees trying to start a life in New York.