Astronomers have recently identified thousands of stars with planets, not to mention the number possibly mushrooming faster than ever, when waves of the next-gen telescopes come online. But the big question is: Where are the best locations to discover life? A newly published study concentrates on the most abundant category of stars in humans' Milky Way galaxy—the M-dwarf stars also called the red dwarfs and sends both good and bad news for astrobiologists.

Here's the good news: according to an article posted on Yahoo! News, the atmospheric chemistry's "3-D climate modeling can produce a more extensive assessment of the potential habitability of a planet." Basically, the habitable zone of a planetary system is described as the doughnut-shaped region that surrounds a star that gets the right amount of radiation to let the water stay in a liquid state, instead of having it frozen or boiled off.

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Research Findings 

Astrobiologists begin with this criterion because, according to an online news site, "on earth, some form of life can be found almost anywhere there is existing liquid water." However, for the alien stars, and, specifically, M-dwarfs, the situation is quite more multifaceted. The new research findings, set for publishing anytime this week in "Astrophysical Journal," back the understanding that planets are circling active M-dwarf stars that are susceptible to losing substantial amounts of water because of vaporization, which ultraviolet radiation brings.

Moreover, planets that have ultra-thin ozone layers, still according to research, are likely to allow "too much UV light to pass through their atmospheres." The said radiation is set to deal with a severe danger to life, even if liquid water exists at the surface. The computer model, which the "Astrophysical Journal" paper describes, is taking advantage of the 3-D climate modeling for chemical reactions in alien atmospheres.

The 3-D Climate Modeling

The computer model explained in the said journal takes advantage of 3-D climate modeling for chemical results in alien atmospheres. This specific approach literally contributes another dimension to the process of determining habitability. This 3-D photochemistry is playing a vital role as it offers cooling or heating, which can impact thermodynamics and, probably, the atmospheric configuration of a planetary system. This was according to the research head, Howard Chen, from Northwestern University.

Chen added these types of models have never been used in the so-called "exoplanet literature" evaluating rocky planets as they are quite computationally costly." The study head continued saying, other models of photochemical studying much bigger planets like jot Jupiter, and gas giants already present that no individual can neglect chemistry, especially when thoroughly assessing climate. Consequently, the team's findings are possible to dim anticipations of finding life on what the experts call, Proxima Centauri b, the closest planet outside the solar system. 

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