In a race to get the next astronaut to the moon, the Beijing space research institute tested a new rocket engine, which is twice as powerful as its American competitor. As reported by the South China Morning Post, the ground test was executed successfully earlier this week. 

(Photo : -/CNS/AFP via Getty Images))
The rocket carrying Chinas second module for its Tiangong space station lifts off from Wenchang spaceport in southern China on July 24, 2022. - China on July 24 launched the second of three modules needed to complete its new space station, state media reported, the latest step in Beijing's ambitious space programme. - China OUT 

The rocket engine will be used to launch China's Long March 9 rockets that are still under development. The upper-stage rocket can generate  25 ton-force, which is greater than the US-made engine the RL10. This type of engine is used at high altitudes to generate an extra boost to propel a spacecraft to its destination. 

Closed Expansion Engine Cycle

The launch is said to be "the world's largest closed expander cycle engine test run" according to the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC). This type of engine is the most efficient power source for human space travel, which can turn a small amount of liquid hydrogen fuel into high-pressure gas using waste heat. 

It can drive turbines to raise the pressure of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel pumps. Then, the gas will enter the top of the combustion chamber, which be used as fuel. The closed expansion cycle is more efficient than the combustion process in conventional rocket engines because it doesn't require the rocket to carry extra gas to power the pumps. 

Chinese rocket scientists invented a new heat exchanged that has rib-like components that can absorb heat from the surface of the combustion chamber and pass it to liquid hydrogen with unprecedented efficiency. The components were made using the latest 3D-printing technology to produce a very smooth surface that can boost the heat exchange a lot faster compared to traditional components. 

They also used new titanium alloys to make the fuel pumps maintain high efficiency while working in extreme conditions. 

Also Read: Chinese Rocket Long March-5B Debris Hits the Philippines - Are There Damages?

Putting Chinese Astronauts on the Moon

For China to be successful in its  mission to put Chinese astronauts on the moon, it will need four new engines working together. They have partnered with Russia to build an international research station on the moon, with plans to send an astronaut to the lunar surface before 2030.

Currently, China's heavy-duty rocket for the lunar landing mission is still under development. 

China and The US' Race to the Moon

With this, US NASA Artemis program has 20 member countries that aim to land American astronauts on the moon by 2025. They have built the Space Launch System, but it is currently sitting on a launch pad, awaiting its first flight that has been delayed. 

Related Article: China Rockets To Save Earth From Asteroids? Chinese Researchers Want to Try it

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Written by: April Fowell