A large number of Salmonella cases have occurred in an equally large number of states in the U.S. in the first half of 2015.

By the end of June, 40 states have reported 181 people being infected with Salmonella. Although no deaths have been reported, 33 infected people were hospitalized.

The numbers could increase if even simple measures to prevent the epidemic from further spreading are not taken.

The simplest, and perhaps easiest to understand, is to stop kissing and cuddling chickens.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found, through laboratory and epidemiological tests and interviews with those who were infected, that much of the human Salmonella infections have been caused by contact with chickens, ducks, and other live poultry.

The CDC interviewed 95 ill people and 82 of these had been in contact with live poultry a week before finding out they were infected. This makes up 86 percent of the respondents.

While chickens are becoming popular pets in American homes, the CDC strongly advises that chickens and other poultry be kept outside the house. Owners and potential purchasers of poultry should be provided health-related information. Mail-order hatcheries, stores for agricultural feeds and those selling or displaying chicks, ducklings and other live poultry should ensure that information is provided prior to purchase. The information should put emphasis on the health risks of acquiring Salmonella from contact with live poultry.

In cases where contact with live poultry cannot be avoided, the CDC reminded the importance of always washing hands thoroughly with soap and water. The group emphasized that simple steps can be taken by backyard flock owners and their families to prevent Salmonella from further spreading.

The bacteria cause diarrhea, fever and abdominal cramps. Most people infected with it get better even without treatment, but Salmonella can lead to other complications that may result in hospitalization or even death.

Most people get Salmonella when they eat or touch food, such as raw chicken, infected with the bacteria. It is therefore important to remember that, especially in the case of live animals such as chicken and poultry, a simple touch can lead to an infection.

Photo: Challiyil Eswaramangalath Pavithran Vipin | Flickr